The Features Of Corruption Of Latin America - 876 Words

Corruption exists to some extent in all countries. But in Latin America, corruption seems an inextricable part of life. Some schools of thought, particularly those in the political science circle, view corruption as functional to the maintenance of a political system. Meaning, corruption may not be ideal, but it represents a way for people to access resources that would otherwise be unavailable to them. In sharp contrast, economists point to the many downfalls of corruption: a climate of fear and lack of trust in public institutions, a weakening of the democratic system, increased inequality and violence, diminished economic growth, and so on. This paper examines the features of corruption in Latin America and discusses their implications. To begin, it is useful to understand what precisely corruption entails. Many definitions exist, but a classic one is that of Joseph Nye, formulated in 1967: â€Å"Corruption is behavior which deviates from the formal duties of a public role beca use of private-regarding (personal, close family, private clique) pecuniary or status gains; or violates rules against the exercise of certain types of private-regarding influence.† From this definition alone, we glimpse the problems associated with corruption. In any organization, institution or group, rules exist to guide and facilitate interactions. In an environment where rules can be circumvented, stakeholders have little incentive to act fairly or honestly. Indeed, this has been theShow MoreRelatedEssay On Investigative Journalism1366 Words   |  6 PagesComplicating definitions: Latin American watchdogs [en] el periodismo de investigacià ³n†¦, sos tan grande como el enemigo que elegà ­s o como el desafà ­o que elegà ­s†¦ eso es lo que define tu capacidad de grandeza Eduardo Galeano (interviewed by Faà ºndez, 2002: 11) The narratives and the evidence about the status of IJ in Latin America are contradictory. For some, there is an increasing practice of this genre of journalism (Alves, 2005; Castillo, 2016; Joyce, Saldaà ±a, Schmitz Weiss, Alves, 2017) whileRead MoreMilitary Interventions During Latin America1363 Words   |  6 PagesInterventions in Latin America During the 1960s and 1970s in Latin America, countries like Argentina, Brazil, and Chile all experienced some sort of authoritarian regime. 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Donna Lee Van Cott. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2005. Pp. 2761079 Words   |  5 PagesThe author analyzes how indigenous people’s movements in Latin America transformed into viable political parties. For her, these new parties are good for the democracy because they enrich and enhance the legitimacy of the political and electoral system. She assumes that the primary link between state and society are the parties and its accountability impact on the institutions. She proves that the crisis of the traditional parties and the transformation of the historical electoral constrains wereRead MoreCultural Awareness Of Brazil, Unity Among Chaos. Introduction.1579 Words   |  7 Pagespeople of Brazil have embraced it. Their intention of distinguishing themselves from the rest of Latin America has proven to be a challenge with many ups and downs, but it’s one they are taking with pride. Culture According to Merriam Webster (2015) the definition of culture is â€Å"The customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group; also: the characteristic features of everyday existence (as diversions or a way of life) shared by people in a place or time†.Read MoreConflict Analysis : Mexico And Central America1687 Words   |  7 Pages In this paper, I will focus on Policy Issues through Conflict Analysis in Latin America. First, I will talk about the differences and critiques in the Merida Initiative: Mexico and Central America. Then, I will focus on â€Å"Drug War†: Lenses, Frames, and â€Å"Seeing† Solutions. I will then talk about, â€Å"conflict analysis ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬, a lens for viewing conflict that brings into focus a multilevel, integrative diagnosis of the violence in Mexico and supports recent evolutions in Plan Merida toward a more holisticRead MoreDemocracy in Latin America Essay2761 Words   |  12 Pagesdemocracy has been establish in every Latin America country except Cuba, which is still a socialist state. It seemed that every other alternative form of government such as Marxism or Leninism has failed and been replaced by democracy. Furthermore it looks like people in Latin American really enjoy democracy and its’ benefits, as they also consider it to be the best form of go vernment. After the failure of authoritarian leaders and the military intervene their lives, Latin American citizens wanted to changeRead MoreLatin American Watchdogs Essay743 Words   |  3 PagesNonetheless, this is a novel, but interesting experience for Latin American watchdogs. Indeed, more than a decade ago regional and national networks have been developed for strength both individual professional skills and media performance, particularly investigative proficiency. Among the institutions devoted to improving the crafting of journalism can be counted the Colombian-based Fundacià ³n para el Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano (FNPI) and the Peruvian-based Instituto Prensa y Sociedad (IPYS)Read MoreDeveloped and Developing Countries1618 Words   |  7 Pagesbasic overview before I go into detail, developed countries have a matured financial system, this includes the US and Canada, Western Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and South Korea. Developing countries are emerging ma rkets across Asia, Latin America and Africa. And undeveloped countries are mainly African nations which remain vastly poor, such as Mali and Somalia. Before I go on about the BRICS countries of the future, I will start with today’s BRICS nations why they are in BRICS. First,Read MoreFree Trade Agreements And Its Effects On Latin American Nations1187 Words   |  5 PagesFree-Trade agreements, most notably with nations throughout the Latin American region. Latin American countries are geographically and economically similar to the U.S., which makes them valuable partners in furthering America’s global initiatives. The United States has seen considerable economic returns since the advent of these free-trade agreements; however, there is a sense of uncertainty when the analysts examine the effects of FTAs on Latin American nations. The most apparent benefit for nations that

Influences on Designers Mies Van Der Rohe and Breuer,...

To what extent did external influences shape what modernist design became in Europe in the 1920’s? Focusing on chair designs by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Marcel Breuer. In design, external influences have always played a vital role in any given trend. In the 1920’s, an era commonly referred to as the Machine Age , modernist design followed a very focused approach: a desire to create a better world. In this essay, I will make a brief overview of the socio-economic situation of this time period, with a short introduction to the life of the two practitioners whose work I will analyse: Marcel Breuer and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. I will deliver an examination of their most famous designs, by considering three major themes: rejection of†¦show more content†¦The choice of using only the essential materials to create a bold, unconventional structure made this one of the most well-known chairs in the world. He also came up with the B 32; an alternative design of this chair, with no armrest to suit other preferences. Breuer also created the B 3 (Image 2); a design that minimised the usual heavy armchair into its most vital features, while keep ing its function and commodity with this clean geometrical design. ‘Truth to materials’ Although a rejection to ornamentation had been taken, it did not mean that pleasing aesthetics were ignored. Designers chose to take a brave path of making objects that shone through their bare appearance and intention. By doing this, they were incorporating art into the industry. Breuer’s design of the steel armchair (Image 2); was the first chair to be made with tubular steel as its frame material; a revolutionary advance in furniture design. This revealed the honest and true nature of the materials; the tubular steel and polished yarn fabric gave this piece lightness, resistance, and hygienic features. The fabric was positioned to avoid the user’s contact with the coolness of the steel, which additionally highlighted the geometrical look. With this, Breuer was also accomplishing a celebration of industrial imagery. ‘Form follows function’ ‘Form follows function’ incorporates the previous two themes in itself; design must be in directShow MoreRelatedThe Bauhaus : Art Education By Influencing Graphic, Interior, And Typography Design1096 Words   |  5 Pagesarchitect, which studied architecture at the technical institute in Munich from (1903–04) and in Berlin–Charlottenburg from (1905–07). During 1919-1928, German American architect and educator Walter Gropius, as director of the Bauhaus had a major influence on the development of modern architecture. Much of his work, was in collaboration with other architects. Which included the school building, and faculty housing at the Bauhaus from 1925 at the Harvard University Graduate Center, and the United States

Design Thinking and Innovation at Apple free essay sample

The purpose of this assignment is to access the â€Å"Apple way† and understand the source of their systematic innovation and the way to sustain it. The major source of innovation is design thinking, which is also discussed based on Apple case. Finally, Steve Jobs is compared to other major industry player, Bill Gates, in order to understand their major difference and compare their success stories. Is there a systematic approach to Innovation at Apple? How would you characterize it? List at least 3 examples from the case. 1. From the start Apple has been extremely systematic in its approach to innovation. Fine products do not materialize out of thin air; they are a direct result of creative thinking policies and practices. Continuous commitment to improve product design made Apple products more attractive to the consumer. One of Apple’s most important innovation drivers is a policy to put design and interface, â€Å"user experience†, above all. Rather than creating a language or operating system and then â€Å"overlaying† an interface, Apple started with an intuitive and simple interface, and then designed the operating system to accommodate it. In order to do so, programmers and engineers were forced to think as creative designers. This system forced product design team to be innovative in all areas of development. Apple systematically built retail stores network when common wisdom said that technology companies should abandon retail and move online. As a result, Apple ended up with the best of both worlds: a fashionable space for â€Å"hands-on† consumers, including the hip younger generation, and a fully functional online system for the no-nonsense consumer. Apple’s retail outlets have set records for profitability per square foot of retail space, an evident success of â€Å"think differently† philosophy. Perhaps the best example of a systematic approach to innovation is in the ongoing evolution of Apple’s flagship products. The modus operandi is clear: create triumph product and then make small but meaningful improvements every 12 to 18 months. Roll out the new product and sit back while each buyer of the first product rushes to purchase the new version. Sales are generated not only by the product improvements but also by the company’s smart use of generational psychology (â€Å"gotta have the latest! †) and a relentless public relations campaigns culminating in the slick invitation-only rollout featuring Mr. Jobs himself. This system, while not revolutionary (â€Å"marginal improvement system† was discovered by automobile industry 60 years ago), results in steady products improvements coupling each relatively minor enhancement with high revenues nearly as strong as the original product’s ones. Systematic innovation is also demonstrated in â€Å"design sense† Apple’s tendency to design what seems simple and intuitive to the consumer. The introduction of the iPod Mini, which would not have been supported by classic marketing principles, is an excellent example of this. Apple bet that the public would purchase the sleeker, flashier, more compact version of its iPod even though the small size meant sacrificing the amount of music that could be stored. They based this assumption on the fact that consumers crave first and foremost simplicity and functionality. The Mini was a tremendous success and not only because of its reduced size, but also due to its myriad of colors. â€Å"Design sense† allowed Apple to produce a lighter more portable product with enhanced aesthetic qualities, while sacrificing something that turned out not to be crucial to the consumer. While the answer to the question â€Å"Is there a systematic approach to innovation at Apple? † must clearly be â€Å"yes†, ironically Jobs would likely have disagreed with that. Jobs was touting the lack of a system as one of Apple’s greatest strengths. The quote, however, shows that Jobs was aware that systems were in place and functioning, but he calls them â€Å"processes† to avoid stifling connotation of the word â€Å"system†. As shown in the examples above, however, Apple’s system is anything but stifling. The systems fostered by Jobs from the very beginning have fostered a strong creative spirit leading to a superior product line and outstanding sales. That made Apple the leading technology company and confirmed Jobs’s place in history as a visionary who brought man and machine together. 2. To what extent does Apple demonstrate Design Thinking? State your point of view and provide 3 examples from the case to support your argument. Apple products utilize all principles of design thinking: creating products to satisfy human needs, experimenting with products, crafting clear vision, and communicating this vision visually. First of all, Apple products were designed to satisfy human needs by combining simplicity, fun and play with practical use of clever machines. In that way Apple became the pioneer in creating mind-blowing user experiences through its creations: personal computers, iPods, iPads and iPhones. A good example of this is its experimentation and product diversification of the iPod family though the iPod Mini, which is smaller and has unusual colors. Second, Apple continues to experiment, learns from its mistakes, and continually builds on and improves its existing product line. This way it creates a series of products, each only slightly different from its predecessor, but still perceived as indispensible to the â€Å"hip† consumer. This segment remains excited to buy Apple products because they feed on curiosity, targeting buyers who crave something new, useful, and fashionable. Third, Steve Jobs is famous for its enthusiastic speeches and clear communication of his vision. His speeches and Apple commercials create an emotional connection with the audience through persuasive storytelling and mind-blowing visuals, which while not always showing the product, still make customers associate them with well-known creative individuals or outstanding experimenters and innovative products. The company builds a strong emotional connection with contemporary audiences that like to enjoy life, think differently and try new experiences. 3. Extra credit for 5%: Compare Steve Jobs as an innovation leader to other leaders in industry. On the surface the two greatest IT geniuses of our age have plenty in common. They were both college dropouts who went on to develop world-changing technologies and found multi-billiondollar companies as a result. They were both among the wealthiest individuals of the modern era. They were both innovators and could both been termed â€Å"revolutionary† in terms of their affect on society. They were both in committed relationships with strong families. And they both had a hand in bringing computers out of the punch-card age and into the living room, Jobs by designing a computer and Gates by designing software to run one. There are, however, significant differences between the two men. Jobs was always more flashy, more charismatic, and certainly more of a showman. He was a master at public relations and relished time in front of the cameras, at least when unveiling or demonstrating the products of his company. Gates was never considered a master at public relations. However, Gates has a better public image than Jobs thanks to his strong belief and deep involvement in philanthropy. He is actively and passionately involved in his Bill and Melinda Foundation and tours the world encouraging wealthy individuals to support worthy causes. He has joined forces with other billionaires like Warren Buffet to drive his point home and is now widely perceived to be more concerned with how to distribute his fortune than how to increase it. Jobs also had the greater sales and marketing expertise, receiving sole credit for the rags-to-riches story of his company Apple Computers and then for repeating the feat 12 years later. Gates and Jobs were both CEOs of their companies, but the success of Gates’s company Microsoft is often attributed as much to his multi-talented Business Manager Steve Ballmer as to Gates himself. Indeed Ballmer eventually replaced Gates as CEO in a less-than-smooth transition that many believe Gates resented. Interestingly Jobs was forced out of his CEO role as well (and also forced out of his company, unlike Gates), only to be re-invited to the helm twelve years later and restore Apple to a preeminent position among the world’s technology companies. Microsoft never floundered like Apple did in the late 80s and early 90s so Gates never had the opportunity to return as a white knight and â€Å"rescue† his company. Conversely Microsoft has not experienced the exponential growth that Apple saw between Jobs’s return in 1997 and his death in 2011.

Strength Based Nursing Health Care Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strength Based Nursing Health Care. Answer: Contribution in developing community strength Community strength is the extent to which the processes and resources in a community is maintained which will increase the well being of the people living in the community (Snellman and Gedda 2012). Doctors provide medications to the patients for curing the disease, but the nurses are the real care givers that not only provide treatments, but also get emotionally attached to them. This assignment provides evidence reflecting the community strength of the nurses (DiCenso, Guyatt and Ciliska 2014). In our nursing course once our team visited an old age home run by a charity trust. The home was not at all in a good condition. Despite of the lump sum of donations given for the home the residences of the home never got the facilities. Our team visited the home, listened to their grievances and took actions accordingly. We provided food, clothes and necessary commodities to the residences, did a thorough cleaning of the home , let some of them talk to their closed ones, who were not otherwise allowed and spent a quality time with them by talking to them. Although, this program was not a part of our curriculum we did it with utmost care. The following incidence provides us an idea about the individual strength of a person as a nurse, and the order in which they are present is as follows:- 1.Spirituality 10. Perspective 11. Love 20. Kindness 13. Fairness 14. Love of learning 15. Zest 12. Humor 5. Hope 4. Judgment 8. Honesty19. Leadership 22. Team work 23. Social Intelligence 21. Self regulation 7. Gratitude 8. Hope 6. Prudence 8. Honesty 9. Humility 16. Bravery 17. Curiosity 18. Perseverance. These were the following qualities in order that could be found in the following activity. Strength based nursing care Vs. Problem based nursing care Most of the nurses are trained in such a way that they focus only on the specific problems. They tend to focus on the thing which is dysfunctional. Strength base nursing brings balance to this by expanding the role of the nurses (Gottlieb, Gottlieb and Shamian 2012). Strength based nursing is driven by philosophy and integrated value. Although there are many evidences supporting the problem based learning prevalent in Australia, but strength based nursing focuses on the principle of a care that is family centered, which can be suitable for the treatment of many disease, especially in elderly persons (Willis, Reynolds, and Keleher 2016). References DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G. and Ciliska, D., 2014.Evidence-Based Nursing-E-Book: A Guide to Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Gottlieb, L.N., Gottlieb, B. and Shamian, J., 2012. Principles of strengths-based nursing leadership for strengths-based nursing care: A new paradigm for nursing and healthcare for the 21st century.Nursing Leadership,25(2), pp.38-50. Snellman, I. and Gedda, K.M., 2012. The value ground of nursing.Nursing ethics,19(6), pp.714-726. Willis, E., Reynolds, L. and Keleher, H. eds., 2016.Understanding the Australian health care system. Elsevier Health Sciences.